(Update: For a first-hand report on Rio, samba and the carnival, please check out my Brazil travelogue under Pages: Rio Part I, Rio Part II and Rio Part III.)
History
When the Portuguese colonized Brazil, they brought over a medieval tradition called entrudo where people threw eggs and water at each other on the streets just before Lent. Over the years as these Portuguese settlers celebrated entrudo, black people – originally brought over to Brazil from Africa as slaves – also started dancing in the streets simultaneously. However, the conservative whites did not approve of the blacks’ dances because of their sexual overtones.
The dance that the blacks were doing was the precursor to samba. The accompanying musicians played drums and whistles, and by the late 19th century, the dancing and the music became more ritualized, and more accepted by the Brazilian society. Dance clubs were formed, especially in Rio. Today, the dance clubs have evolved into escola de samba (samba schools), which are featured in carnival parades with elaborate costumes, music and percussion band serving the school-chosen theme every year.
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